Table 3.

Advanced DDS for glaucoma surgery postoperative care.

DDS	Drug	Advantages and Considerations	Administration Route	Stage	Reference
Polymer implants
Ocular implant	Bimatoprost	-Effective in lowering IOP post-SLT -Sustained release -Small sample size	Intracameral injection	Preclinical- in vivo	[136]
Collagen matrix implant	Bevacizumab and sodium hyaluronate	-Anti-scarring and wound healing post-SLT -Did not improve tissue repair clinically -DDS release requires further research	Intrableb administration	Preclinical- in vivo	[137]
Gel-based polymers
Chitosan and Hyaluronic Acid-based hydrogel	5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and mitomycin C (MMC)	-Anti-scarring post-SLT -MMC had prolonged release compared to 5-FU -Cytotoxic study further required	Topical	Preclinical- in vitro	[138,139]
HECTS-AZ Hydrogel	Heparin
Gelatin-based hydrogel	siRNA (siSparc)	-Reduced subconjunctival scarring post-SLT -Non-cytotoxic -Dose optimizing required	Subconjunctival injection	Preclinical- in vitro and in vivo	[140]
Nanoparticles
DexNP γ-cyclodextrin Nanoparticles	Dexamethsaone	-Anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic post-SLT -Non-inferior to standard MMC treatment -Small sample size	Topical	Randomized clinical trial (single-masked)	[142]
LbL Nanoparticles	siRNA (siSparc)	-Anti-fibrotic post-SLT -Targeted delivery -Low toxicity	Subconjunctival injection	Preclinical- in vivo	[141]
Other
PLGA film	5-fluorouracil and mitomycin C	-Anti-fibrotic post-SLT -Sustained effective release with lower doses -Long-term efficacy studies required	Subconjunctival route	Preclinical- in vivo	[143]