Top five funding agencies and their contributions to TB vaccine development. (A) The top five most active funding institutions in the field of TB vaccine. The output of the HHS and NIH was close to about 1400, NIAID got the highest number of cited times per article on average, and HHS got the highest H-index. (B) Times cited average per item, publications, and H-index of top 5 journals. Among the top five journals that published TB vaccine papers, Frontiers in Immunology received the highest IF (IF = 8.786). Regarding the number of journal publications, Vaccine ranked first with 629 articles. The average number of citations per article in Infection and Immunity was the highest (62.04). The H-index of Infection and Immunity was also the highest (80.5).