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Effects of Cynara sylvestris extract pretreatment (10–25–50 µg/mL) for 24 h on mRNA expression levels of oxidative stress related genes: Nrf2 (nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2) (A), Gpx (Glutathione peroxidase) (B), and SOD1 (Superoxide dismutase) (C). The data are reported as the mean ± S.D. of three independent experiments in triplicate. * Significant vs. untreated control cells p < 0.001. # Significant vs. FFAs, p < 0.001.
