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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Mar 29.
Published in final edited form as: J Am Water Works Assoc. 2018 Apr 9;110(4):E2–E18. doi: 10.1002/awwa.1052

TABLE 4.

Comparison between de facto reuse (DFR) and number of contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) qualitatively detected at drinking water treatment plant (DWTP) intakesa

No. of Qualitative Detections of CECs at DWTP Intakes Level of DFR Determined Under Mean Flow in DRINCS

Not Impacted <0.1% 0.1–1% 1–5% >5%

<10
10–20 2 1 2 3
20–30 1 5
30–40 1 2 1
>40 2 2

DRINCS—De Facto Reuse in our Nation’s Consumable Supply

a

Values in the table represent the number of DWTPs in each category.

Dashes indicate groundwater locations therefore excluded from calculation.