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. 2023 Mar 15;15(3):952. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15030952

Figure 2.

Figure 2

CPPs are able to condense and protect both mRNA and pDNA. Complex formation between CPP and (a) mRNA or (b) pDNA assessed by accessibility of nucleic acid to fluorescent nucleic acid binding dye after incubation with CPPs. CPP/NA complexes formed at charge ratios (CR) 1:1, 2:1, and 3:1 with CPPs in excess. Free nucleic acid at the same concentration was used as the control (100%). (c,d) pertain to the stability of pre-formed CPP/NA nanoparticles to enzymatic digestion by proteinase K. The NF55/NA complexes retain their activity even after extended storage. (e) Stability of the CPP in water solution. Assessment is based on the reporter levels post-transfection with complexes formed with freshly prepared CPP solution and stored CPP solution. Analyzed 24 h post-transfection. Two-way ANOVA F(1, 35) = 1.2, p = 0.27. Tukey post-hoc comparison: ns = not significant. (f) CPP/mRNA (two-way ANOVA F(1, 16) = 2.0, p = 0.16, and Tukey post-hoc comparison: ns = not significant) and (g) CPP/pDNA complexes retain their transfection efficacy even after extended incubation. Analyzed 24 h post-transfection. Two-way ANOVA F(1, 16) = 14.3, p = 0.00, Tukey post-hoc comparison: ns = not significant, ** = p < 0.01.