NR inhibited migration and invasion of HepG2 cells. (A) The cell viability of LO2 and HepG2 cells after 48-h NR treatment. (B) Wound-healing assay showing cell migration of HepG2 cells after 48 h. (C) Transwell assays showing cell migration and invasion of HepG2 cells after 24 h. n = 3; * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01 compared to the TGF-β group. p-values were calculated using Kruskal–Wallis test and Dunn’s multiple comparisons test (A), one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s multiple comparisons test ((B,C)-migration), and one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s multiple comparisons test ((C)-invasion). NR, nicotinamide riboside; TGF-β, transforming growth factor-β.