Table 2.
Some predicted conserved epitopes on the SARS-CoV-2 S2 subunit that could induce neutralizing antibodies and/or adaptive immune responses.
| Conserved Epitopes | Position | Immune Response Induced | Type of Study | Refs. | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Neutralizing antibodies | T cells | ||||
| EDLLFN | 819–824 aa | Yes | NT | Epitope-resolved profiling, structural and functional test | [125,126] |
| EELDKYF | 1150–1156 aa | Yes | NT | Epitope-resolved profiling, structural and functional | [125,126] |
| GVVFLHVTY | 1059–1067 aa | NT | Yes | Immunoinformatic | [117,127] |
| VVFLHVTYV | 1060–1068 aa | NT | Yes | Immunoinformatic | [117,127] |
| FLHVTYVPAQEKNFT | 1062–1072 aa | Yes | Yes | In silico, in vivo | [118] |
| SPDVDLGDISGINAS | 1161–1175 aa | Yes | NT | In vivo | [128] |
| LNEVAKNLNESLIDLQELGK | 1186–1205 aa | Yes | Yes | Mathematically (in-house developed PERL scripts), bioinformatic, in vivo | [116,120,129] |
| GKYEQYIK | 1204–1211 aa | NT | NT | Antiviral inhibitory activity | [34] |
NT—Not tested.