Table 1.
Neurotransmitter classification by chemical group.
| Category | Neurotransmitter | Function |
|---|---|---|
| Amino Acids | Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) | Learning, memory, locomotion, metabolism mediators, appetite regulation [63,64] |
| Glutamate (Glu) | Memory, learning, cognition, appetite regulation [48,64] | |
| Glycine (Gly) | Motor control, sensory and auditory processing, cardiovascular, and respiratory functions [65] | |
| Amines | Dopamine (DA) | Motivation, memory, attention, locomotion control [66] |
| Norepinephrine (NE) | Emotional arousal, regulating blood pressure, mood, appetite [49] | |
| Epinephrine | Boosts oxygen and glucose supply to brain and muscles, increases awareness [48] | |
| Serotonin (5-HT) | Regulate sleep–wake cycle, mood, appetite and digestion [65] | |
| Histamine | Regulate sleep–wake cycle, stress response, appetite and memory [67] | |
| Acetyl Choline | Acetylcholine (Ach) | Cognition, learning, memory, modulation of electrical, and mechanical functions of the heart [51,68] |
| Other | Nitric Oxide (NO) | Learning, memory, homeostatic functions [69] |
| Hydrogen Sulfide (HS) | Neuromodulator, smooth muscle relaxation [48] | |
| Purines (ATP) | Controls intracellular energy homoeostasis, autonomic control, sensory transduction [70,71] |