Table 4.
Studies Assessing the Administration of Corticosteroids in Patients with IAPA.
| Assessment | Type/Number of Patients | Conclusion | Cort. vs. Non-Cort. Mortality |
|---|---|---|---|
| Chen et al. (2020) [49] | Retrospective/693 patients | Increase in mortality | |
| Zhang et al. (2020) [51] Waldeck F.) | Retrospective/81 flu patients | No increase in mortality | OR = 2.2 (0.3–12) |
| Lansbury et al. (2020) [52] | Meta-analysis/21 studies (1 RCT) |
Increase in mortality with corticosteroids Increase in nosocomial infection |
OR = 3.90 (2.31–6.60) 15 studies; aHR 1.49 (1.09–2.02) 6 studies OR = 2.74 (1.51–4.95) |
| Yang JW et al. (2015) [53] | Meta-analysis/19 studies (4916 patients) |
Increase in mortality with corticosteroids Increases in number of days on MVIncrease stay at ICU |
OR = 3.16 (2.09–4.78) WMD = 3.82 (1.49–6.15) WMD = 4.78 (2.27–7.29) |
| Moreno G et al. (2018) [54] | Retrospective PS/1846 patients | Increase in mortality | HR = 1.32 (1.08–1.60) |
| Zhang Y et al. (2015) [55] | Meta-analysis/6105 patients | Increase in mortality (cohort studies) Increase in mortality (case–control) |
RR = 1.85 (1.46–2.33) RR = 4.22 (3.10–5.76) |
| Schauwvlieghe et al. (2018) [56] | Retrospective/432 patients | Increased risk of IAPA | aOR = 1.59 (1.30–1.99) |
| Lansbury L et al. (2019) [57] | Meta-analysis/30 studies (1 RCT) 99,224 patients | Increase in nosocomial infection | OR = 3.90 (2.31–6.60) OR = 2.74 (1.51–4.95) |
| Martin-Loeches I. (Leistner et al. (2011) [58] | Prospective/220 patients | No increase in mortality Increased incidence of pneumonia | HR = 1.3 (0.7–2.4) OR = 2.2 (1.0–4.8) |
| Lee N et al. (2015) [59] | Retrospective/2649 patients | Increase in mortality Increase in superinfection |
aHR = 1.73 (1.14–2.62) 9.7% vs. 2.7%; p < 0.001 |
HR, hazard ratio; IAPA, ICU, intensive care unit; MV, mechanical ventilation; OR, odds ratio; RCT, randomized controlled trial; WMD, weighted mean difference.