Table A2.

Summary of the review findings.

Themes	Studies
Theme 1: Ideas and practices surrounding child health and illness
Religious beliefs: Some parents were less accepting of childhood vaccination because of their religious beliefs, and the view that that diseases were caused by God and will be prevented by God.	Berhanel (2000) [35]; Fleming (2019) [42]; Renne (2010) [45]; Eng (1991) [35,48]
Beliefs about the benefits and risks of vaccines: Some parent’s views and practices regarding routine childhood vaccination were influenced by their beliefs regarding the benefits of vaccination and their risk perception towards vaccines.	Dugas (2009) [27]; Kagone (2018) [28]; Tadasse (2009) [36]; Schwarz (2009) [37]; Cutts (1990) [40]; Fleming (2019) [42]; Tabana (2016) [46]; Eng (1991) [48]; Braka (2012) [50]; Giles-Vernick (2016) [51]; Cockcroft (2014) [44], Abakar (2018) [29], Tadasse (2017) [33]; Berhanel (2000) [35]; Cuesta (2020) [39]; Renne (2006) [43]; Helman (2004) [47]; Cassell (2006) [41]; McKnight (2013) [31]
Theme 2: Social communities and networks: Some parents’ views and practices around routine childhood vaccination were shaped by the vaccination views and practices of the social networks in which they reside. The networks included other parents, peers, relatives, neighbours, and other important members of the community.	Dugas (2009) [27]; Berhanel (2000) [35]; Cassell (2006) [41]; Fleming (2019) [42]; Renne (2006) [43]; Eng (1991) [48]; Babirye (2011) [49]; Braka (2012) [50]; Giles-Vernick (2016) [51]
Theme 3: Political events, relations, and processes
Generalised decline in trust of authority and expert systems: Some parents were less accepting of childhood vaccination because of their distrust of government.	Renne (2006) [43]
Agendas and interests underpinning the expert systems implicated with vaccination: Some parents distrust of the institutions or systems implicated with was vaccination was due to their concerns about the financial interests they perceived was underpinning vaccination programmes.	Abakar (2018) [29]; Renne (2006) [43]; Braka (2012) [50]; Giles-Vernick (2016) [51]
Current and past controversies: Some parents distrust of the institutions or systems implicated with vaccination was influenced by current or past controversies around vaccines.	Renne (2006) [43]; Cockcroft (2014) [44]; Renne (2010) [45]; Cuesta (2020) [39]; Braka (2012) [50]
Marginalisation, inadequate public services, and priority misalignment: Some parents’ mistrust in the institutions or systems implicated in vaccination was influenced by their experience of their misalignment between their own priorities and those of the government.	Renne (2006) [43]; Cockcroft (2014) [44]; Renne (2010) [45]
Theme 4: Lack of information or knowledge: Some parents were less accepting of vaccination due to a lack of information or knowledge around childhood vaccination.	Kagone (2018) [28]; Abakar (2018) [29]; Tadasse (2017) [33]; Zewdie (2016) [34]; Tadasse (2009) [36]; Cuesta (2020) [39]; Cutts (1990) [40]; Closser (2016) [25]; Eng (1991) [48]; Giles-Vernick (2016) [51]
Theme 5: Access-supply-demand interactions
Socio-economic challenges in accessing vaccination services: Some parents were less accepting of childhood vaccination because of the socioeconomic challenges they faced, including long distance they had to travel, lack of transport money, household work pressure, work/employment pressure, and childcare constraints.	Dugas (2009) [27]; Kagone (2018) [28]; McKnight (2013) [31]; Stamidis (2019) [32]; Tadasse (2017) [33]; Berhanel (2000) [35]; Schwarz (2009) [37]; Cockcroft (2014) [44]; Helman (2004) [47]; Babirye (2011) [49]; Giles-Vernick (2016) [51]
Undesirable features of vaccination services and delivery logistics: Some parents were childhood vaccination hesitant because of the undesirable features of vaccination and delivery logistics, including lack of vaccination booklet, long waiting times at health centres, Lack of finances for the payment of hospital services, vaccine stock outs, and the social nature of the vaccination centres.	Dugas (2009) [27]; Kagone (2018) [28]; McKnight (2013) [31]; Tadasse (2017) [33]; Schwarz (2009) [37]; Cockcroft (2014) [44]; Babirye (2011) [49]; Ames (2017) [30]; Zewdie (2016) [34]; Cuesta (2020) [39]; Braka (2012) [50]
Interactions with frontline healthcare workers: Some parents were less accepting of childhood vaccination due to their experiences of mistreatment or poor communication from healthcare workers. At the same time, parents were satisfied with the treatment and communication of vaccination information they received from the healthcare workers, and they were more accepting of childhood vaccination.	Dugas (2009) [27]; Kagone (2018) [28]; McKnight (2013) [31]; Tadasse (2017) [33]; Schwarz (2009) [37]; Ames (2017) [30]; Zewdie (2016) [34]; Cuesta (2020) [39]; Braka (2012) [50]; Abakar (2018) [29]; Tadasse (2009) [36]; Berhanel (2000) [35]; Handy (2017) [26]; Stamidis (2019) [32]; Tabana (2016) [46]