Table 1.

Bioactive ingredients of edible mushrooms and their medicinal effect.

S. No.	Name of the Species	Secondary Metabolites	Bioactivity	References
1	Calvatia gigantea	2-Pyrrolidinone, 1-Dodecene, ergosterol, hexadecane, benzeneacetic acid	Anti-diabetic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory	[47]
2	Coprinus comatus	Mycelium, polysaccharides	Immunomodulatory, anti-diabetic, antioxidant, anti-cancer	[48]
3	Pleurotusostreatus, P. pulmonarius, and P. fossulatus	Terpenoids, heterocyclic amines, phenols, glucan, proteoglycan	Anti-cholesterol, anti-cancer effects, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic	[49,50]
4	Boletus edulis	Tocopherol, quinic acid, hydroxy benzoic acid	Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hypoglycemic	[51]
5	Grifola frondosa	Grifolan polysaccharide, D-fraction, MD-fraction, polysaccharide, galactomannan, heteroglycan	Hypoglycemic, anti-inflammatory, anti-modulatory, anti-tumor	[52,53]
6	Agaricus bisporus	Pyrogallol, hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives glavonoid	Anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic	[54,55]
7	Morchella esculenta	Polysaccharides (mannose, galactose, and glucose), phenolic compounds	Antioxidant, anti-inflammation, immunoregulation, hypoglycemic	[56]
8	Hericium erinaceus	4-chloro-3, 5-dimethoxybenzoic acid-O-arabitol ester, 2-hydroxymethyl-5-α-hydroxyethyl-γ-pyranone, 6-methyl-2,5-dihydroxymethyl-γ-pyranone, 4-chloro-3,5-dihydroxybenzaldehyde, 4-chloro-3,5-dihydroxybenzyl alcohol	Immunomodulatory, hypoglycemic, antimicrobial	[57,58]
9	Ganoderma lucidium	Ganoderic acid, danoderiol, danderenic acid, lucidenic acid, Ganoderma leucidum Polysaccharide	Anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory	[53,59]
10	Lenzites betulina	α-glucan, β-glucan, β-glucan protein, galacturonic acid	Antioxidant, anti-hyperglycaemic, anti-inflammatory, anti-proliferative, antibacterial	[60]
11	Flammulina velutipes	Flammulinolide, enokipodin, proflamin and other polysaccharide	Anti-tumor, anti-hypertension, antihypercholesterolemia, hypoglycemic	[61,62]
12	Lentinula edodes	Lentinan, eritadenina	Anti-carcinogenic, antioxidant, hypocholesterolemic action	[63,64]
13	Termitomyces robustus	glutamyl-βphenylethylamine, tryptophan 1,4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid, hydroxyphenyl propionic acid and phenyllactic acid	Hypoglycemic effect	[65]