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. 2023 Mar 20;13(3):835. doi: 10.3390/life13030835

Table 2.

Absolute and relative contraindications to IRE.

ABSOLUTE CONTRAINDICATIONS
  • -

    Pervasive involvement of the duodenum

  • -

    History of epilepsy

  • -

    Cardiovascular diseases

  • -

    history of ventricular arrhythmias

  • -

    implanted cardiac stimulation devices

  • -

    congestive heart failure with NYHA class > 2

  • -

    uncontrolled hypertension
RELATIVE CONTRAINDICATIONS
  • -

    Atrial fibrillation

  • -

    Coronary artery diseases

  • -

    Combined severe stenosis of the common hepatic artery and main portal vein branch

  • -

    Metallix foreign object in the ablation zone

  • -

    Impeded liver function

  • -

    Irreversible disorders

  • -

    Uncontrolled infections

  • -

    Chemo- or immunotherapy in the last 4 weeks