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. 2023 Mar 16;16(3):453. doi: 10.3390/ph16030453

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© 2023 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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(a) ISO/saline showed a significant reduction in EF%, which was restored to normal levels due to the therapeutic treatment of CCrP at the dose of 0.8 g/kg/day; CCrP treatment also significantly reduced levels of TnI (b) and BNP (c). Data are presented as mean ± S.E.M. of 4–6 rats. *: statistical significance (p < 0.05) compared to the saline control group. #: statistical significance (p < 0.05) compared to the ISO + saline group. ISO: isoproterenol; CCrP: cyclocreatine phosphate; EF: ejection fraction; hs-cTnI: high-sensitivity Troponin I type 3; and BNP: brain natriuretic peptide.