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. 2022 Oct 13;38(5):1491–1498. doi: 10.1007/s00467-022-05747-3

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 1 — Urinary complement concentrations in patients with paediatric inflammatory disease – IgAV and SLE compared to age- and sex-matched controls. Complement concentrations were assessed in urine collected from patients with IgAV, SLE and controls using ELISA. Complement concentrations were normalised to urinary creatinine. (A) Urinary C3/creatinine, (B) Urinary C4/creatinine, (C) Urinary C5/creatinine, and (D) Urinary C5a/creatinine. N = 26–47/group. Data are expressed as median and analysed using Kruskal–Wallis test with Dunn’s multiple comparison test. *P < 0.05 and **P < 0.01