Table 3.
Diabetes healthcare quality indicators.
| Indicator | Women | Men | Both | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n (%) | Total | n (%) | Total | n (%) | Total | |
| Comprehensive management | ||||||
| Glycemic control | ||||||
| Laboratory fasting blood glucose assessment in the last year | 77 (86.5) | 89 | 61 (95.3) | 64 | 138 (90.2) | 153 |
| Over the past year, attended quarterly follow-up physician visits for diabetes management | 54 (65.1) | 83 | 45 (70.3) | 64 | 99 (67.3) | 147 |
| As a result of uncontrolled blood sugar levels, doctors scheduled medical visits sooner than quarterly follow-ups | 38 (54.3) | 70 | 33 (54.1) | 61 | 71 (54.2) | 131 |
| Weight measurement in the previous physician visit | 40 (47.6) | 84 | 31 (49.2) | 63 | 71 (48.3) | 147 |
| Consulting physician asking about hypoglycemia episodes in the past year | 38 (45.2) | 84 | 27 (42.2) | 64 | 65 (43.9) | 148 |
| Cardiovascular health | ||||||
| Blood pressure measurement by a healthcare professional during the last year | 81 (93.1) | 87 | 62 (93.9) | 66 | 143 (93.5) | 153 |
| Electrocardiography assessment during the last year | 55 (63.2) | 87 | 44 (67.7) | 65 | 99 (65.1) | 152 |
| Lipid profile assessment during the last year | 45 (49.5) | 91 | 30 (45.5) | 66 | 75 (47.8) | 157 |
| Microvascular complications | ||||||
| Ever being referred for retinal examination | 56 (62.2) | 90 | 42 (62.7) | 67 | 98 (62.4) | 157 |
| Feet examination by a healthcare professional regarding diabetic foot ulcer during the last year | 23 (25) | 92 | 17 (25.4) | 67 | 40 (25.2) | 159 |
| Footwear evaluation by a healthcare professional during the last year | 4 (4.6) | 87 | 8 (12.5) | 64 | 12 (7.9) | 151 |
| Mental health | ||||||
| History of prescription of major depressive disorder medications | 12 (85.7) | 14 | 5 (71.4) | 7 | 17 (81) | 21 |
| Being diagnosed with major depressive disorder by a psychiatrist | 14 (15.9) | 88 | 7 (10.8) | 65 | 21 (13.7) | 153 |
| Infectious diseases prevention | ||||||
| Vaccination against influenza during the last year | 6 (7.1) | 84 | 8 (12.3) | 65 | 14 (9.4) | 149 |
| Vaccination against pneumococcal infection during the last five years | 1 (1.2) | 84 | 1 (1.6) | 64 | 2 (1.4) | 148 |
| Dental health | ||||||
| Referral to a dentist for gingival or dental assessment during the last six months | 22 (25.6) | 86 | 22 (33.8) | 65 | 44 (29.1) | 151 |
| Patient education | ||||||
| Treatment compliance | ||||||
| Receiving medical consult on medication usage and intervals by consulting physicians | 29 (82.9) | 35 | 13 (61.9) | 21 | 42 (75) | 56 |
| Receiving consult or medical consult on medication usage and timing by the pharmacy staff | 19 (55.9) | 34 | 8 (38.1) | 21 | 27 (49.1) | 55 |
| Lifestyle promotion | ||||||
| Healthcare professionals' recommendations on regular physical activity for blood sugar control in the past year | 58 (63) | 92 | 53 (79.1) | 67 | 111 (69.8) | 159 |
| Healthcare professionals' recommendations on dietary habits for blood sugar control in the past year | 58 (63) | 92 | 41 (61.2) | 67 | 99 (62.3) | 159 |
| Being advised to quit smoke by a healthcare professional during the last year | 12 (13) | 92 | 12 (17.9) | 67 | 24 (15.1) | 159 |
| Selfcare promotion | ||||||
| Medical advice on the significance of blood glucose control and the complications of diabetes during the last follow-up visit | 67 (79.8) | 84 | 39 (61.9) | 63 | 106 (72.1) | 147 |
| Being trained about the measures to be taken upon hypoglycemia | 34 (41) | 83 | 32 (50) | 64 | 66 (44.9) | 147 |
| Receiving patient education materials for future reference upon questions or concerns | 30 (36.1) | 83 | 22 (34.4) | 64 | 52 (35.4) | 147 |
| Being trained about regular foot self-examination by healthcare professionals | 22 (25) | 88 | 21 (32.3) | 65 | 43 (28.1) | 153 |
| Receiving a medical consult on the features of an optimized shoe | 19 (21.8) | 87 | 18 (28.1) | 64 | 37 (24.5) | 151 |