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Leptin measurements in the second trimester of pregnancy. Kautzky-Willer et al showed that there is a significant increase in plasma leptin levels in women who have GDM (24.9 ng/mL) compared to normal pregnancies (18.2 ng/mL) (109). Leptin levels during nonpregnancy are 8.2 ng/mL (109). ***P < 0.001.
