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. 2023 Feb 28;11(5):197. doi: 10.21037/atm-22-2204

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2023 Annals of Translational Medicine. All rights reserved.

Open Access Statement: This is an Open Access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0), which permits the non-commercial replication and distribution of the article with the strict proviso that no changes or edits are made and the original work is properly cited (including links to both the formal publication through the relevant DOI and the license). See: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0.

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IMD-0354 diminishes inflammatory reactions and promotes anti-inflammatory reactions in microglia in a high glucose environment. ELISA showed that high glucose treatment strongly upregulated expression of IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-6 (A-C) and downregulated IL-10 (D) expression in Müller cells. Significant decreases in expression of inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6), and an increase in anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 were observed in groups treated with IMD-0354. Data are shown as the mean ± SD (***, P<0.001; ^##, P<0.01; ^#, P<0.05). HG, high glucose; ELISA, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; IL-1β, interleukin 1β; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor; IL-6, interleukin 6; SD, standard deviation.