Atad 1996.

Study characteristics
Methods	RCT. Computer‐generated sequence. No details were given on the method for concealment of the allocation.
Participants	Singleton vertex term pregnancies with intact membranes, BS < 5 without previous CS.
Interventions	Atad ripening device (35 women); PGE2 intravaginal tablets 3 mg (30 women); oxytocin (30 women).
Outcomes	Need for another method, CS, change in BS.
Notes	Also reported as abstract (Abramovici 1994). Setting: Israel Study period: not reported Funding: not reported Declarations of interest: J Atad has a patent licensing arrangement for Atad ripening device and thus has the potential gain from its sales
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Low risk	Computer random‐generated allocation list
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Unclear
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	Not feasible due to nature of intervention
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	Not reported
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	Low risk	No ITT reported, but seems reasonable as numbers in tables are equal to randomised numbers, no missing data or cases
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	Low risk	All pre‐specified outcomes reported
Other bias	Low risk	No other bias detected