Table 2.
Baseline Characteristics of Study Population by Participants Diagnosed With All-Cause Dementia During Follow-Up and Those Who Remained Dementia-Free
| Characteristics | Incident All-Cause Dementia | p Value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Yes (N = 173) | No (N = 2463) | ||
| Age (years) | 78.5 ± 4.4 | 76.6 ± 3.9 | <.0001 |
| Education (years) | 10.7 ± 3.1 | 11.0 ± 3.1 | .219 |
| Not married (%)a | 23.1 | 15.4 | .007 |
| With APOE ɛ4 allele (%)b | 20.9 | 18.3 | .397 |
| Prevalent stroke (%) | 2.9 | 2.4 | .710 |
| CES-D score | 4.2 ± 4.0 | 3.5 ± 3.5 | .014 |
| Depressive symptoms (CES-D ≥ 9; %)c | 15.6 | 8.2 | .0008 |
| CASI score | 84.8 ± 6.1 | 88.4 ± 5.9 | <.0001 |
| LSNS score | 27.6 ± 7.5 | 29.0 ± 7.7 | .014 |
| LSNS score ≤ 29 (%) | 63.6 | 50.0 | .0005 |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL)d | 189.2 ± 30.2 | 193.3 ± 32.0 | .10 |
| Fasting glucose (mg/dL)e | 114.1 ± 24.3 | 113.3 ± 28.0 | .73 |
| Diabetes mellitus (%)f | 30.6 | 28.8 | .61 |
| Hypertension (%)f | 79.2 | 75.2 | .23 |
| Smoking (pack-years)g | 22.9 ± 31.7 | 26.0 ± 34.5 | .25 |
Notes: Values are given as mean ± SD for continuous variables and as percentages for categorical data. CES-D Scale = Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) 11-item Scale; CASI = Cognitive Abilities Screening Instrument; LSNS = Lubben Social Network Scale; SD = standard deviation.
a N = 2635.
b N = 2583.
c N = 2631.
d N = 2603.
e N = 2602.
f N = 2604.
g N = 2596.