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. 2023 Mar 30;23:194. doi: 10.1186/s12877-023-03894-2

Table 2.

Comparison of the results of the GSE survey conducted before and during the pandemic, 40 respondents

Wilcoxon test
GSE Mean ± SD N z-value p
All respondents
before the pandemic 34.75 ± 3.38 40 -0.038 0.97
during the pandemic 34.48 ± 3.86
Respondents aged 65 years or less
before the pandemic 35.29 ± 3.34 14 -0.9063 0.3648
during the pandemic 36.14 ± 3.13
Respondents aged 66 years or more
before the pandemic 34.46 ± 3.43 26 0.5400 0.5892
during the pandemic 33.57 ± 3.97
Respondents with good health
before the pandemic 34.67 ± 3.52 24 -0.698 0.485
during the pandemic 35.17 ± 3.37
Respondents with poor health
before the pandemic 34.88 ± 3.26 16 0.417 0.667
during the pandemic 33.44 ± 5.32
One child in foster care
before the pandemic 34.46 ± 3.57 28 -0.743 0.457
during the pandemic 34.71 ± 3.45
More than one child in foster care
before the pandemic 35.42 ± 2.91 12 0.787 0.431
during the pandemic 33.92 ± 4.81
The oldest child in foster care aged 10 years or less
before the pandemic 34.92 ± 3.12 13 -0.433 0.665
during the pandemic 35 ± 3.72
The oldest child in foster care, aged 11 or more
before the pandemic 34.67 ± 3.55 27 0.189 0.85
during the pandemic 34.22 ± 3.97