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. 2022 Dec 28;25(3):863–872. doi: 10.1093/europace/euac253

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© The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Cardiology.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Cryo-balloon atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation vs. Ablation Versus Anti-arrhythmic Therapy for Reducing All Hospital Episodes from Recurrent (AVATAR) protocol ablation: primary endpoint analysis. Kaplan–Meier curves comparing AVATAR protocol ablation against cryo-balloon AF ablation therapy for the survival time to any hospital episode related to treatment for atrial arrhythmia. Number of remaining subjects at risk displayed at 50-day intervals. The hazard ratio for achieving a hospital episode when comparing the AVATAR protocol arm against the conventional cryo-balloon ablation arm is HR 1.173 (95% CI, 0.639 to 2.154; P = 0.61 by Cox regression). No significant difference was found when comparing the survival distribution between the two groups with 23 (21%) vs. 19 (18%) patients having events within the two arms respectively (P = 0.61 by log-rank test).