Table 1.
Participant characteristics and symptoms
| AR patients | Healthy controls (HC) | p value1 | AR type by frequency | AR type by seasonality | AR type by severity | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Intermittent | Persistent | p value1 | Seasonal | Perennial | p value1 | Mild | Moderate-severe | p value1 | ||||
| n | 55 | 102 | 25 | 30 | 27 | 28 | 26 | 29 | ||||
| Age | 31.38 ± 6.56 | 32.68 ± 11.73 | 31.24 ± 7.00 | 31.50 ± 6.29 | 32.19 ± 7.10 | 30.61 ± 6.02 | 32.81 ± 6.80 | 30.10 ± 6.17 | ||||
| Sex | ||||||||||||
| male | 27 (49%) | 63 (62%) | 0.13 | 10 (40%) | 17 (57%) | 0.28 | 12 (44%) | 15 (54%) | 0.59 | 10 38.5% | 12 41.4% | >0.9999 |
| female | 28 (51%) | 39 (38%) | 15 (60%) | 13 (43%) | 15 (56%) | 13 (46%) | 16 61.5% | 17 58.6% | ||||
| Nasal symptoms | ||||||||||||
| Obstruction | 51 (93%) | 0 (0%) | <0.0001 | 23 (92%) | 28 (93%) | >0.9999 | 25 (93%) | 26 (93%) | 0.67 | 22 (85%) | 29 (100%) | 0.044 |
| Itchiness | 46 (84%) | 0 (0%) | <0.0001 | 19 (76%) | 27 (90%) | 0.27 | 23 (85%) | 23 (82%) | >0.9999 | 21 (81%) | 25 (86%) | 0.72 |
| Sneezing | 47 (86%) | 0 (0%) | <0.0001 | 21 (84%) | 26 (87%) | >0.9999 | 23 (85%) | 24 (86%) | >0.9999 | 20 (77%) | 27 (93%) | 0.13 |
| Clear discharge | 49 (89%) | 0 (0%) | <0.0001 | 20 (80%) | 29 (97%) | 0.082 | 23 (85%) | 26 (93%) | 0.42 | 22 (85%) | 27 (93%) | 0.41 |
| Other symptoms | ||||||||||||
| Chest tightness | 3 (5.5%) | 0 (0%) | 0.042 | 2 (8.0%) | 1 (3.3%) | 0.59 | 1 (3.7%) | 2 (7.1%) | >0.9999 | 1 (3.8%) | 2 (6.9%) | >0.9999 |
| Cough | 6 (11%) | 0 (0%) | 0.0015 | 1 (4.0%) | 5 (17%) | 0.2 | 2 (7.4%) | 4 (14%) | 0.67 | 2 (7.7%) | 4 (14%) | 0.67 |
| Itchy or red eyes | 25 (46%) | 0 (0%) | <0.0001 | 11 (44%) | 14 (47%) | >0.9999 | 8 (30%) | 17 (61%) | 0.031 | 9 (35%) | 16 (55%) | 0.27 |
| Ear occlusion or hearing loss | 6 (11%) | 0 (0%) | 0.0015 | 1 (4.0%) | 5 (17%) | 0.2 | 2 (7.4%) | 4 (14%) | 0.67 | 2 (7.7%) | 4 (14%) | 0.67 |
1
Fisher’s exact test. Significance (p<0.05) is indicated by bold face of p values.