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Characterizing crossovers in meiotic tetrads with genetic markers. (A) Three-marker tetrad analysis can identify two-, three-, or four-strand (chromatid) double crossovers. (B) Three types of tetrads in two-marker tetrad analysis. PD, parental di-type; TT, tetra-type; NPD, non-parental di-type. The genotypes of the four gametes are indicated below each panel.
