Table 3.
The prevalence of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels <75 nmol/l.
| No. of studies | No. of countries | Total | Events | Prevalence | 95% CI | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Less than 75 nmol/L | ||||||
| All | 165 | 65 | 561,978 | 443,815 | 76.6% | (74.1–79.1)% |
| Latitude | ||||||
| 60–80°N | 6 | 4 | 9,836 | 7,394 | 83.2% | (70.5–92.9)% |
| 40–60°N | 56 | 26 | 121,565 | 88,571 | 74.6% | (70.5–78.5)% |
| 20–40°N | 66 | 23 | 345,450 | 288,729 | 84.9% | (81.3–88.1)% |
| 0–20°N | 14 | 11 | 16,302 | 9,733 | 52.6% | (40.1–65.1)% |
| 0–20°S | 7 | 3 | 6,457 | 4,214 | 66.2% | (63.7–68.7)% |
| 20–40°S | 16 | 6 | 62,368 | 45,174 | 76.0% | (72.1–79.7)% |
| World bank income groups | ||||||
| HIC | 88 | 34 | 434,195 | 351,804 | 77.6% | (74.8–80.4)% |
| UMIC | 42 | 17 | 110,418 | 78,870 | 74.1% | (32.2–44.2)% |
| LMIC | 29 | 13 | 18,570 | 13,808 | 77.1% | (67.2–85.6)% |
| LIC | 1 | 1 | 302 | 113 | 37.4% | (68.5–79.3)% |
| Age | ||||||
| 18 | 51 | 36 | 76,474 | 59,818 | 78.6% | (73.8–83.1)% |
| 19–44 | 21 | 17 | 30,923 | 22,732 | 75.5% | (67.7–82.3)% |
| 45–64 | 9 | 7 | 19,865 | 14,489 | 68.5% | (56.7–79.3)% |
| 65 | 21 | 15 | 23,594 | 17,252 | 74.0% | (66.0–81.2)% |
| Gender | ||||||
| Males | 54 | 33 | 82,393 | 65,477 | 77.4% | (72.9–81.6)% |
| Females | 54 | 33 | 102,846 | 84,346 | 81.5% | (77.5–85.2)% |
| Data collection time | ||||||
| 2000–2010 | 78 | 40 | 377,509 | 303,119 | 77.1% | (73.6–80.5)% |
| 2011–2022 | 87 | 46 | 185,976 | 141,476 | 75.9% | (72.2–80.0)% |
NO., number; CI, confidence interval; HIC, High-income countries; UMIC, Upper-middle-income countries; LMIC, Lower-middle-income countries; LIC, Low-income countries; Events, number of people with vitamin D deficiency.