Jazexhiu‐Postoli 2015.

Study characteristics
Methods	RCT
Participants	200 newborn infants (28 to 35 weeks' gestation) with respiratory distress up to 6 hours after birth treated with CPAP 6 cm H₂O (as primary support)
Interventions	Bubble (Fisher & Paykel): N = 100 Infant Flow Driver (biphasic): N = 100 Short binasal prongs were used in both groups.
Outcomes	CPAP failure (need for mechanical ventilation) Death before discharge Duration of CPAP use Pneumothorax Duration of hospitalisation (intensive care) Intraventricular haemorrhage (grade I to IV) Patent ductus arteriosus "Nasal lesions"
Notes	Setting: Tirana, Albania (2011 to 2013) Funding: not stated
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Not stated (corresponding author contacted September 2021)
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Not stated (corresponding author contacted September 2021)
Blinding (performance bias and detection bias) All outcomes	High risk	Open‐label
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	Low risk	Outcome reporting complete.
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	Low risk	Unlikely (comprehensive)
Other bias	Unclear risk	Baseline characteristics data not reported.