Mazmanyan 2016.

Study characteristics
Methods	RCT
Participants	125 preterm neonates (< 37 weeks') with respiratory distress treated with nasal CPAP 4 to 6 cm H₂O (as primary support)
Interventions	Bubble (Fisher & Paykel): N = 66 Infant Flow Driver: N = 59 Short binasal prongs were used for Infant Flow Driver CPAP, and pliable long anatomically curved prongs for bubble CPAP.
Outcomes	CPAP failure (receipt of mechanical ventilation) Death before discharge Duration of CPAP use Duration of supplemental oxygen Pneumothorax Nasal injury (excoriation) Retinopathy of prematurity Periventricular haemorrhage/leucomalacia Necrotising enterocolitis
Notes	Setting: Yerevan, Armenia (2012 to 2014) Funding: not stated
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Not stated
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Low risk	Serially numbered, sealed, and opaque envelopes
Blinding (performance bias and detection bias) All outcomes	High risk	Open‐label
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	Low risk	Outcome reporting complete.
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	Low risk	Unlikely (comprehensive)
Other bias	Low risk	No evidence of an imbalance in baseline demographics