*For global cognition, differences in level between those with incident PD and those without became statistically significant at year 5 of the study for men and year 15 for women (p < 0.001 for both). Differences in rates of change of global cognition between those with incident PD and those without became statistically at year 5 of the study for men (p < 0.001) and year 10 for women (p = 0.022). For executive function, level and rate of change in executive function for those with incident PD significantly differed from those without PD at year 5 for both men and women (p < 0.001 for all), although for women, this difference did not remain statistically significant at subsequent time points. For functional status, differences in level of functional status for both men and women (p = 0.003 for men, p < 0.001 for women) and rates of change in functional status (p < 0.001 for men and women) between those with and without PD became statistically significant at year 5. PD = Parkinson disease.