|
Traumatic
|
Tumors
|
| Prior surgery |
Pituitary adenoma |
| Radiotherapy |
Empty sella |
| Traumatic brain injury |
Parasellar tumors or cysts |
|
Infiltrating/Inflammatory
|
|
Rathke’s cyst |
| Primary hypophysitis |
|
Dermoid cyst |
|
Lymphocytic |
|
Meningioma |
|
Granulomatous |
|
Germinoma |
|
Xanthomatous |
|
Chordoma |
| Secondary hypophysitis |
|
Ependymoma |
|
Sarcoidosis |
|
Glioma |
|
Granulomatosis with polyangiitis |
|
Pinealoma |
|
Langerhans cell histiocytosis |
Craniopharyngioma |
|
Infection |
Hypothalamic hamartomas |
| Hemochromatosis |
Gangliocytoma |
| Amyloidosis |
Metastasis |
| Pituitary abscess |
Hematological malignancies |
| PIT-1 antibody |
|
Leukemias |
|
Lymphomas |
|
Associated with infections
|
Functional
|
| Tuberculosis |
Nutritional |
| Syphilis |
Excessive physical activity |
|
Pneumocystis jirovecii
|
Serious diseases |
| Fungi (histoplasmosis, aspergillosis) |
|
Acute diseases |
| Parasites (toxoplasmosis) |
|
Chronic renal failure |
| Viruses (cytomegalovirus) |
|
Chronic hepatic failure |
| Hormonal |
|
Hyperprolactinemia |
|
Primary hypothyroidism |
|
Vascular
|
Drug-induced dysfunctions
|
| Related to pregnancy (Sheehan’s syndrome) |
Glucocorticoids |
| Dopamine agonists |
| Aneurismal subarachnoid hemorrhage |
Somatostatin analogs |
| Pituitary apoplexy |
Retinoids |
| Diabetes |
Anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibodies |
| Hypotension |
Anti-CTLA-4 monoclonal antibodies |
| Arteritis |
Opioids |
| Anticonvulsants |
