Fig. 4. Example transcripts from Audiophile and Backbiter turn models.

Audiophile treats each backchannel as initiating a new turn that disrupts the flow of speaker 1’s self-introduction (red). In contrast, our Backbiter turn model organizes the same information and presents it in a more intuitive format in which speaker 1 offers a single introductory turn (while speaker 2 is backchanneling). Speaker 1 then concludes their turn and yields the floor to speaker 2 (blue), at which point speaker 2 takes their first turn and also provides a self-introduction (while speaker 1 occupies the backchannel).