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. 2023 Mar 17;10:1098231. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1098231

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Copyright © 2023 Flexner, Ng, Ahmed, Khandpur, Acton, Lee and L’Abbe.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Number of diet-related NCD deaths that could be averted or delayed from implementing a ‘high in’ FOPL in Canada by sex. Potential diet-related NCD deaths that could be averted or delayed were estimated using the PRIME model (67). Inputs for the mode included, (1) population demographics; (2) mortality data associated with diet-related NCDs (CVDs, diabetes, cancer, chronic renal failure, and liver disease) (2019), obtained from the publicly available Statistics Canada CANSIM tables (stratified by sex and 5-year age band) (91–96); and (3) baseline and counterfactual dietary intakes estimations using CCHS-Nutrition 2015 PUMF data (61, 63). Counterfactual scenario 1 and 2 were based on Taillie et al. (44). SCENARIO 1, overall changes: sodium (mg) –4.7%; sugars (g) –10.2%; saturated fat (g) –3.9%; and SCENARIO 2, disaggregated by foods: sodium (mg) –4.6%; sugars (g) –5.4%; saturated fat (g) –3.6%; and beverages: sodium (mg) –5.2%; sugars (g) –13.2%; saturated fat (g) –5.6%. Counterfactual scenario 3 was based on Acton et al. (40). SCENARIO 3, relative changes disaggregated by snack foods: sodium (mg) –6.3%; sugars (g) –0.1%; saturated fat (g) –6.5%; and beverages: sodium (mg) –5.5%; sugars (g) –8.7%; saturated fat (g) –19.5%. Counterfactual scenario 4 was based on Song et al. (41). SCENARIO 4, overall changes: sodium (mg) –7.8%; sugars (g) –7.3%; saturated fat (g) –16.3%.