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. 2022 Mar 23;10(1):199–211. doi: 10.1016/j.gendis.2022.03.002

Figure 3.

Fig. 3

Overview of the therapeutic strategies developed to inhibit IGF-1R signaling. The schematic shows the key components of the IGF axis and the four major approaches for IGF-1R inhibition: (1) by suppressing IGF-1R expression using antisense oligonucleotide (AS-ODN) or siRNA; (2) by blocking the binding of IGF-1R with ligands (IGF-1R monoclonal antibodies or IGF-1/-2 neutralizing antibodies); (3) by repressing IGF-1R kinase activity using tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI); and (4) by conjugating cytotoxic drug to IGF-1R antibody.