. 2023 Mar 3;15(3):e35736. doi: 10.7759/cureus.35736

Table 1. The mean (± SD) level of random blood glucose and renal biochemical parameters in different experimental groups.

REO: Rosemary Essential Oil, Compared to ^acontrol, ^bREO control, ^cdiabetic, ^ddiabetic insulin-treated, ^ediabetic REO-treated, ^fdiabetic insulin & REO-treated, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01

Groups	Random blood glucose (mg/dl)	Urea (mg/dl)	Creatinine (mg/dl)	Uric acid (mg/dl)
Negative control	102.3 ± 6.59	22.44 ± 2.12	0.61 ± 0.22	1.74± 0.42
REO positive control	111.6 ± 3.15	19.74 ± 1.8	0.59 ± 0.42	1.43± 0.04
Diabetic	464.3 ± 64.72 ^{**(a,b,d,e,f)}	55.34± 12.02 ^{*(a,b,d,f), (e)}	3.9± 1.32 ^{**(a,b, f)}	4.7± 1.03 ^{*(a,b, d,f), (e)}
Diabetic insulin-treated	183.22 ± 20.31 ^{**(a,b,c,e,f)}	37.32± 10.05 ^{*(a,b,c),(e,f)}	2.7± 1.32 ^**(a,b)	3.1± 1.23 ^{**(a,b,c,e,f)}
Diabetic REO-treated	355.8 ± 56.85 ^{**(a,b,c,d,f)}	46.22± 8.55 ^{*(a,b,f,) , (c,d)}	3.1± 1.03 ^**(a,b)	4.03± 1.76 ^{*(a,b,e ,f), (c)}
Diabetic insulin & REO-treated	120.3 ± 6.71 ^**(c,d,e)	28.46 ± 3.17 ^{*(c,e) , (b,d)}	1.87 ± 0.7 ^**(c)	2.07± 0.39 ^{*( c ,d,e) , (b)}