FIGURE 3.

Lenvatinib increased the proportion of progenitor exhausted CD8⁺ T cells in vitro. A, Schematic diagram of logical door frame selection of exhausted CD8⁺ T cells was listed. Naïve CD8⁺ T cells were continuously stimulated by CD3 and CD28 in vitro for 6 d and cocultured with lenvatinib for 48 h. B, Proliferative activities (marked by CFSE) of PD1⁺ CD8⁺ T cells from the NC group and the lenvatinib group were analyzed. Data were expressed as mean ± SEM (n = 5). C, Five‐day and seven‐day phenotypes of exhausted PD1⁺ CD8⁺ T cells (marked by expression of TCF1 and TIM3) from the NC group and the lenvatinib group were analyzed. Data were expressed as mean ± SEM (n = 5). D, Tumor‐killing functions of intermediate Tex cells (marked by expression of granzyme B) from the NC group and the lenvatinib group were analyzed. Data were expressed as mean ± SEM (n = 5). *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001