Table 1.

Sixteen systemic inflammation biomarkers evaluated in this study

Biomarkers	Biomarker formulas
C‐reactive protein‐to‐albumin ratio (CAR)	C‐reactive protein (mg/dL)/albumin (g/dL)
C‐reactive protein‐albumin‐lymphocyte index (CALLY)	Albumin = (g/dL) × Lymphocyte(/uL) /CRP (mg/dL)
Platelet‐to‐albumin ratio (PAR)	Platelet (/uL)/albumin (g/dL)
Neutrophil‐to‐albumin ratio (NAR)	Neutrophil (/uL)/albumin (g/dL)
Lymphocyte‐to‐C‐reactive protein ratio (LCR)	Lymphocyte (/uL)/C‐reactive protein (mg/L)
Platelet‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (PLR)	Platelet (/uL)/lymphocyte (/uL)
Neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (NLR)	Neutrophil (/uL)/lymphocyte (/uL)
Systemic‐immune‐inflammation index (SII)	Platelet (/uL) × neutrophil (/uL)/lymphocyte (/uL)
C‐reactive protein–neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio (inflammatory burden index, IBI)	C‐reactive protein (mg/L) × neutrophil (/uL)/lymphocyte (/uL)
Glasgow Prognostic Score (GPS)	C‐reactive protein ≤ 10 mg/L and albumin ≥35 g/L: 0 score C‐reactive protein ≤ 10 mg/L or albumin < 35 g/L: 1 score C‐reactive protein > 10 mg/L and albumin < 35 g/L: 2 score
Modified Glasgow Prognostic Score (mGPS)	C‐reactive protein ≤ 10 mg/L and albumin ≥ 35 g/L: 0 score C‐reactive protein ≤ 10 mg/L and albumin < 35 g/L: 0 score C‐reactive protein > 10 mg/L: 1 score C‐reactive protein > 10 mg/L and albumin < 35 g/L: 2 score
Lymphocyte C‐reactive protein score (LCS)	Lymphocyte ≥ 1 × 10^9/L and C‐reactive protein ≤ 3 mg/L: 0 score; Lymphocyte ≤ 1 × 10^9/L or C‐reactive protein ≥ 3 mg/L: 1 score; Lymphocyte < 1 × 10^9/L and C‐reactive protein > 3 mg/L: 2 score
Neutrophil‐C‐reactive protein score (NC)	Neutrophil (/uL) × C‐reactive protein score (mg/L)
Platelet‐C‐reactive protein score (PC)	Platelet (/uL) × C‐reactive protein score (mg/L)
Neutrophil–platelet score (NP)	Neutrophil (/uL) × platelet score (/uL)
Lymphocyte–albumin score (LA)	Lymphocyte (/uL) × albumin (g/dL) score