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. 2023 Mar 20;17:1112206. doi: 10.3389/fnsys.2023.1112206

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Copyright © 2023 Bonin, Lejeune, Szymkowicz, Bonhomme, Martial, Gosseries, Laureys and Thibaut.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Variation in diagnosis of patients with pathological states of consciousness according to the level of recovery of cognitive and motor functions. UWS, unresponsive wakefulness syndrome; MCS, minimally conscious state; LIS, locked-in syndrome; in red, patients able to process nociceptive inputs and able to experience pain; in blue, patients processing nociceptive inputs but without evidence of pain experience; in purple, patients able to process nociceptive inputs and having the (probable) neural basis for pain experience (created with BioRender.com, based on Thibaut et al. (2019) and recent empirical literature).