Table 3. Proportions of Obesity, Abdominal Obesity and NAFLD according to Residential District.
| Variable | Urban | p value | Rural | p value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2018–2019 (n=866) | 2020 (n=350) | 2018–2019 (n=151) | 2020 (n=61) | ||||
| Height SDS | 0.31 (0.04) | 0.32 (0.07) | 0.901 | 0.31 (0.13) | 0.29 (0.14) | 0.908 | |
| Weight SDS | 0.18 (0.05) | 0.28 (0.09) | 0.311 | 0.37 (0.16) | 0.55 (0.16) | 0.416 | |
| BMI SDS | 0.03 (0.06) | 0.16 (0.09) | 0.206 | 0.30 (0.17) | 0.49 (0.17) | 0.434 | |
| BMI percentile | 0.565 | 0.222 | |||||
| Normal, % | 79.17 (1.85) | 76.49 (2.53) | 70.85 (4.88) | 62.82 (5.90) | |||
| Overweight, % | 8.28 (1.02) | 10.41 (1.71) | 7.07 (3.42) | 17.15 (6.29) | |||
| Obesity, % | 12.55 (1.56) | 13.11 (2.13) | 22.07 (3.89) | 20.04 (4.45) | |||
| WC, cm | 70.90 (0.49) | 72.67 (0.71) | 0.042 | 71.99 (1.14) | 74.93 (1.31) | 0.091 | |
| Abdominal obesity, % | 10.69 (1.30) | 14.28 (2.12) | 0.127 | 18.75 (3.28) | 27.14 (5.37) | 0.160 | |
| WHtR | 0.44 (0.00) | 0.45 (0.00) | 0.017 | 0.45 (0.01) | 0.46 (0.01) | 0.098 | |
| WHtR >0.5, % | 13.10 (1.53) | 17.82 (2.21) | 0.069 | 22.25 (4.15) | 29.04 (4.96) | 0.288 | |
| AST, IU/L | 20.68 (0.32) | 22.07 (0.83) | 0.119 | 20.20 (0.88) | 21.84 (0.94) | 0.200 | |
| ALT, IU/L | 17.16 (0.79) | 19.03 (1.21) | 0.196 | 16.45 (1.15) | 20.29 (1.92) | 0.084 | |
| Glucose, mg/dL | 91.81 (0.27) | 91.40 (0.61) | 0.531 | 92.54 (0.99) | 92.28 (0.75) | 0.837 | |
| NAFLD, % | 12.71 (1.32) | 16.02 (2.00) | 0.152 | 15.16 (3.33) | 24.86 (4.12) | 0.044 | |
| Abdominal obesity and NAFLD, % | 5.82 (0.91) | 7.75 (1.54) | 0.257 | 6.96 (2.29) | 15.74 (4.88) | 0.040 | |
NAFLD, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; SDS, standard deviation score; BMI, body mass index; WC, waist circumference; WHtR, Waist-to-height ratio; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; ALT, alanine aminotransferase.
Continuous variables are presented as means (standard error) and categorical data as percentages (standard error).