Table 5.

List of studies by language and language skill.

L1	L2	Skill	Studies
Chinese	English	Vocabulary	Chen M. P. et al. (2022), Tai et al. (2022)
		Writing	Barrett et al. (2021), Fu et al. (2019)
		Listening	Tai (2022)
		Speaking	Chien et al. (2020), Hsu (2022)
		Multimodal literacy	Yeh and Tseng (2020)
		Unspecified	Chen (2020), Chen and Hsu (2020), Chen et al. (2019), Liaw (2019), Ouyang et al. (2020)
Spanish	English	Writing	Chen et al. (2020)
Persian	English	Speaking	Ebadi and Ebadijalal (2022)
Arabic	English	Vocabulary	Alfadil (2020)
Mixed	English	Listening & reading	Teo et al. (2022)
		Unspecified	Lee and Park (2020)
Unspecified	English	Vocabulary	Bacca-Acosta et al. (2022)
English	Chinese	Unspecified	Wang et al. (2021)
Malaysian	Chinese	Cultural ability	DeWitt et al. (2022)
O’zbektili	Chinese	Cultural ability	Shadiev et al. (2020, 2021)
Mixed	Chinese	Writing	Lan et al. (2019)
		Vocabulary	Wen (2021)
Chinese	O’zbektili	Cultural ability	Shadiev et al. (2020, 2021)
Hebrew	Finnish	Vocabulary	Fuhrman et al. (2020)
unspecified	French	Speaking	Thrasher (2022)
Unspecified	New Zealand sign language	Alphabet	Rho et al. (2020)
Chinese		Writing	Chen Y.T. et al. (2022), Huang et al. (2020), Yang et al. (2021)
		Cultural ability	Chin and Wang (2021), Li et al. (2020), Ng et al. (2022)
		Reading	Raua et al. (2018)
		Vocabulary	Lan et al. (2018a,b)
Dutch		Presentation	Van Ginkel et al. (2020)
Persian		Reading	Danaei et al. (2020)