Table 1.

Chemical drugs targeting ferroptosis in lung cancer.

Drug	Abbreviated name	Test model	Mechanism/Effect	Reference
Cisplatin	CDDP	A549, H358, H460 and Calu-1 cells	Inhibiting the activity of GPX4, promoting GSH depletion and increasing intracellular ROS levels	[192]
Erastin	-	A549, Calu-1, HCC827, H1299 cells, and N5CP cells surgically obtained from patients (N2: Male, 61 years old; N5: male, 58 years old) and nude mouse xenograft models	Upregulating and activating p53, inhibiting Nrf2 and SCL7A11 expression, decreasing cystine uptake, preventing cysteine-dependent GSH synthesis, and inactivating GPX4	[111, 208, 212]
Sorafenib	SOR	A549, H460, H1299 cells and N5CP cells surgically obtained from patients (N2: Male, 61 years old; N5: male, 58 years old) and nude mouse xenograft models	Inhibiting the Nrf2/xCT pathway to regulate glutathione synthesis	[195, 208]
Auranofin	AF	A549, H1975, H2228 and H596 cells	Inhibiting the Trx and GSH systems, leading to a perturbation of redox balance and increasing ROS levels	[196]
Orlistat	-	H1299, A549, LLC cells	Inhibiting the expression of GPX4 and inducing lipid peroxidation	[197]
Levobupivacaine	LEV	A549, A427 cells and and nude mouse xenograft models	Activating p53, inhibiting GPX4 and SLC7A11, and increasing levels of ROS and Fe2+	[110]
Ammonium Ferric Citrate	AFC	A549, HCC827, H1299 and H661 cells	Inhibiting GPX4-GSS/GSR-GGT axis activity and increasing Fe2+ level and inducing oxidative damage	[198]
Palladium pyrithione complex	PdPT	A549, H1299 cells and nude mouse xenograft models	Promoting GPX4 degradation	[96]
XAV-939	-	H1299 cells	Downregulating SLC7A11	[199]
Zinc	Zn	A549 cells	-	[200]
PRLX93936	-	A549 and H23 cells	Targeting the Nrf2/Keap1 pathway to inhibit GPX4	[203]
Falnidamol	FLD	A549, PC-9 cells and xenograft mouse models	Inhibiting DUSP26, downregulating GPX4, promoting ROS production and mitochondrial dysfunction and inducing lipid peroxidation	[204]
Acetaminophen	APAP	H1299, A549 cells and and nude mouse xenograft models	Regulating Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway, reducing glutathione synthesis and increasing lipid peroxide translocation	[206]
Vorinostat	SAHA	HCC827, HCC4006, H1975, H1650, PC9, HCC4011 and H1993 cells	Downregulating SLC7A11	[207]
Imidazole ketone erastin	IKE	Xenograft mouse models and human patient-derived lung adenocarcinoma models	Inhibiting system xc− or GPX4	[209]
zero-valent-iron nanoparticle	ZVI-NP	A549, H460, H1299, LLC cells, xenograft mouse models, and spontaneous lung metastasis models	Disrupting the AMPK/mTOR pathway to activate p-GSK3/β-TrCP, degrading Nrf2, and causing mitochondrial dysfunction, intracellular oxidative stress, and lipid peroxidation	[210]
multifunctional “ball-rod” Janus nanoparticles	FTG/L&SMD	-	Combining glucose oxidase (GOD) catalyzes the production of H2O2 from glucose, generating a highly reactive hydroxyl radical (OH•) via Fenton reaction, leading to lethal peroxide accumulation	[211]