Figure 1.

CAF primary cultures

(A and B) Levels of CAF markers FAP and α-SMA were measured by RT-qPCR (A) or confocal microscopy (B) in the indicated cell lines. Scale bar in (B), 50 μm. (C) Calu-1 cells were grown in CAF or NF CMs and cell viability was measured following 72 h. (D) Calu-1 cells were grown in 1% FBS medium (−) or in 1% FBS CAF or NF CMs for 24 h and then migration was analyzed by Boyden chambers (8-μm pore size) using the correspondent medium as chemoattrattant. Left panels, representative photographs of migrated cells are shown; right panel, migrated cells were quantified and expressed relative to cells grown in 1% FBS. In (A), (C), and (D), error bars are standard deviation (SD) values (n = 2). Statistics by t test are reported: ∗p < 0.05; ∗∗∗p < 0.001.