TABLE 1.

Sequences of primers used for quantitative PCR

Gene	Primer sequence (5′‐3′)
GAPDH	Forward: GGAGCGAGATCCCTCCAAAAT; Reverse: GGCTGTTGTCATACTTCTCATGG
COL2A1	Forward: GCTGCGGATGCTCTCAATCT; Reverse: TGGACGATCAGGCGAAACC
ACAN	Forward: ACTCTGGGTTTTCGTGACTCT; Reverse: ACACTCAGCGAGTTGTCATGG
SOX9	Forward: AGCGAACGCACATCAAGAC; Reverse: CTGTAGGCGATCTGTTGGGG
ADAMTS4	Forward: GAGGAGGAGATCGTGTTTCCA; Reverse: CCAGCTCTAGTAGCAGCGTC
MMP9	Forward: TGTACCGCTATGGTTACACTCG; Reverse: GGCAGGGACAGTTGCTTCT
MMP13	Forward: ACTGAGAGGCTCCGAGAAATG; Reverse: GAACCCCGCATCTTGGCTT
NOX1	Forward: GCACACCTGTTTAACTTTGACTG; Reverse: GGACTGGATGGGATTTAGCCA
NOX2	Forward: AACGAATTGTACGTGGGCAGA; Reverse: GAGGGTTTCCAGCAAACTGAG
SOD1	Forward: GGTGGGCCAAAGGATGAAGAG; Reverse: CCACAAGCCAAACGACTTCC
SOD2	Forward: GCTCCGGTTTTGGGGTATCTG; Reverse: GCGTTGATGTGAGGTTCCAG
CTGF	Forward: CAGCATGGACGTTCGTCTG; Reverse: AACCACGGTTTGGTCCTTGG
CYR61	Forward: CTCGCCTTAGTCGTCACCC; Reverse: CGCCGAAGTTGCATTCCAG
YAP	Forward: TAGCCCTGCGTAGCCAGTTA; Reverse: TCATGCTTAGTCCACTGTCTGT

Abbreviations: ACAN, aggrecan; ADAMTS4, ADAM metallopeptidase with thrombospondin type 1 motif 4; COL2A1, collagen type II alpha 1 chain; CTGF, connective tissue growth factor; CYR61, cysteine‐rich angiogenic inducer 61; GAPDH, glyceraldehyde‐3‐phosphate dehydrogenase; MMP9, matrix metallopeptidase 9; MMP13, matrix metallopeptidase 13; NOX1, NADPH oxidase 1; NOX2, NADPH oxidase 2; SOD1, superoxide dismutase 1; SOD2, superoxide dismutase 2; SOX9, SRY‐box transcription factor 9; YAP, yes‐associated protein.