Alpha diversity indices. Chao richness estimator of all horses before (D0) and after (D4) antibiotic administration (A) and before (D7) and after (D9) transplantation (B). Simpson’s index of all horses before (D0) and after (D4) antibiotic administration (C) and before (D7) and after (D9) transplantation (D). Shannon index of all horses before (D0) and after (D4) antibiotic administration (E) and before (D7) and after (D9) transplantation (F). cFMT represents horses receiving the concentrated FMT, whereas fFMT represents the horses receiving the fresh FMT. VEH represents the horses receiving 10% glycerol in 0.9% saline solution. Statistical analysis was performed using paired Student’s t-tests (A, C, E) and 1-way ANOVA (B, D, F). Bars represent mean and SD.
** P ≤ 0.01.