| Author (year) |
Reported Dosage or Concentration of Lidocaine |
Area of Application |
Additional Pharmaceutical Medications |
Route of Administration
|
| Clark and Kalan (1995) [9] |
100 mg |
Intravenous |
Ketamine |
In vivo |
| Ferreira et al. (2018) [10] |
1-5% |
Applied to cells (incubation) |
Doxorubicin |
In vitro |
| Firoz et al. (2009) [11] |
0.50% |
Injection (type unspecified) into digits |
Aspirin, coumadin, plavix, and vitamin E |
In vivo |
| Hakim et al. (2018) [12] |
1, 1.5, 2 mg/kg |
Intravenous |
Ketamine, lidocaine, mexiletine, methadone, and morphine |
In vivo |
| Heller et al. (1998) [13] |
1% |
Injection (type unspecified) around the treatment site |
Bleomycin |
In vivo |
| Ho et al. (2004) [14] |
2% |
Topical (on tongue/pharynx) followed by gentle suctioning |
Atropine |
In vivo |
| Johnstone et al. (1995) [15] |
2.50% |
Case 1: Intravenous; Case 2: Intravenous, then topical; Case 3: Intravenous, then topical; Case 4: Intravenous, then topical |
Nitrous oxide isofluoride fentanyl |
In vivo |
| Kintzel et al. (2018) [16] |
1 mg/minute (60 mg/hour), 0.8 mg/minute (48 mg/hour), 0.6 mg/minute (36 mg/hour), 0.6 mg/minute (36 mg/hour), 0.4 mg/minute |
Intravenous |
Gabapentin, methadone, ketamine acetaminophen, and pro re nata (PRN) hydromorphone |
In vivo |
| Kobayashi et al. (2012) [17] |
400 μM, 676.6 μM, 735.5 μM, 811.6 μM, and 4000 μM |
Applied to cells |
Dibucaine tetracaine, bupivacaine, lidocaine, and procaine |
In vitro |
| Krishnan and Mitragotri (2020) [18] |
N/A |
N/A |
5-FU, imiquimod, and ingenol mebutate |
N/A |
| Lee et al. (2013) [19] |
N/A |
Topical |
Papaverine, streptokinase, and urokinase |
In vivo |
| Liu et al. (2022) [20] |
0, 1,5, and 10 mM |
Applied to cells |
Cisplatin |
In vitro |
| Mücke et al. (2015) [21] |
20 mg/g lidocaine hydrochloride |
Oral (salve) |
Diclofenac and omeprazole |
In vivo |
| Sercarz et al. (1995) [22] |
1% |
Injection (nerve) |
N/A |
In vivo |
| Strickland et al. (1993) [23] |
100 mg |
Intravenous |
Fentanyl citrate, nitrous oxide, isoflurane fentanyl, and atropine |
In vivo |
| Tartaglione et al. (2008) [24] |
10% |
Topical (spray) |
Nanocolloidal |
In vivo |
| Thakur et al. (2012) [25] |
Three subsequent sprays of 7%, followed by an intratracheal injection of 5% |
Topical (spray) followed by intratracheal injection |
N/A |
In vivo |
| Turnbull et al. (2011) [26] |
Patch 5%, jelly 2% |
Topical (jelly) |
Bisphosphonate, ropivacaine, fentanyl, ketamine, morphine, methadone, oxycodone, haloperidol, and mepivacaine |
In vivo |
| Wang et al. (2016) [27] |
5% |
Applied to the lip (assuming topical) |
Cefuroxime axetil, prednisone acetate, and ketotifen fumarate |
In vivo |
| Wiese et al. (1993) [29] |
0.5 ml 0.25 %, 7 μg/mL |
Applied to cells: Injection (single dose) or medium with lidocaine |
N/A |
In vitro |
| Yasuta et al. (2014) [31] |
1% |
Intradermal |
Iomeprol (as a contrast agent) |
In vivo |
