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Astaxanthin inhibited the inflammatory- and apoptosis-related proteins of intestinal tissues in NEC rats. (a, b, c, and d) Western blot was used to test the expressions of TNF-α, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), BAX, Bcl-2, toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), and nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain 2 (NOD2) of intestinal tissues in rats, n = 3 in each group; ▲P < 0.05, ▲▲P < 0.01 vs. control group. ★P < 0.05, ★★P < 0.01 vs. NEC group.
