Table 1.
Data from pre-clinical and clinical research supporting the efficacy of using hUC-MSCs to treat POF
| # | Regenerative Factor | Delivery method | Year | Study sample | Dosage | Title of study | Research Outcome | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | UC-MSCs | Intra-ovaries injections | 2013 | Mice | 2 × 105 | “The Therapeutic Potential of Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Mice Premature Ovarian Failure” | Recovery in Sex Hormone (E2) Levels as a result improve Ovary Function. Granulosa Cells Apoptosis is reduced by UCMSCs | (S. Wang et al. 2013) |
| 2 | hUC-MSCs | Intravenous | 2016 | Rat | 5 × 106 | “Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells Therapy in Cyclophosphamide-Induced Premature Ovarian Failure Rat Model” | Recovered disturbed hormone secretion and folliculogenesis and reduced ovarian cell apoptosis | (Li et al. 2016) |
| 3 | hUC-MSCs | Intravenous | 2019 | Mice | 1 × 106 | “Distribution of the CM-Dil-Labeled Human Umbilical Cord Vein Mesenchymal Stem Cells Migrated to the Cyclophosphamide-Injured Ovaries in C57BL/6 Mice” | Increased chemokines in the damaged and inflamed tissues of ovaries affect the growth of blood vessels and prevent apoptosis | (Jalalie et al. 2019) |
| 4 | hUC-MSCs | Intra-ovaries injections | 2019 | Mice | 2 × 105 | “Transplantation of umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells on a collagen scaffold improves ovarian function in a premature ovarian failure model of mice." | Increased CD31 expression (promote ovarian angiogenesis) | (Yang et al. [81]) |
| 5 | hUC-MSCs | Intravenous | 2019 | Rat | 5 × 106 | “Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation Prevents Chemotherapy-Induced Ovarian Failure " | UCMSC Transplantation Improved Pregnant Rate and Embryos Numbers of POF Rats | (Zheng et al. 2019) |
| 6 | hUC-MSCs | Tail vein injection | 2020 | Rats | 0.25 × 106 1.00 × 106 4.00 × 106 | “Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy Using Human Umbilical Cord in a Rat Model of Autoimmune-Induced Premature Ovarian Failure" | Cellular proliferation of the ovary is promoted, cell apoptosis of ovary is reduced, the expression of related genes is regulated | (Z. Wang et al. [69]) |
| 7 | hUC-MSCs | Intravenous/Intra-ovarian injection | 2022 | Rats | 2 × 106 | “Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells Ameliorate Premature Ovarian Insufficiency in Rats” | The decrease in number of apoptotic granulosa cells The increase in number of follicles, and the serum level of E2 and AMH was increased, promoting the ovarian function restoration | (Zhang et al. [84]) |
| 8 | hUC-MSCs | Unknown | 2012 | Human n = 40 | Unknown | “Stem cell therapy combined hormone replacement therapy in patients with premature ovarian failure." | Not available | NCT01742533 |
| 9 | hUC-MSCs | Bilateral ovarian injection | 2015 | Human n = 23 | 1 × 107 | ”Transplantation of hUC-MSCs with injectable collagen scaffold for POF” | Not available | NCT02644447 |
| 10 | hUC-MSCs | Intraovarian injection under ultrasonic | 2016 | Human n = 320 | unknown | “hUC-MSCs transplantation in women with POF” | Not available | NCT03033277 |
| 11 | hUC-MSCs | Intravenous injection | 2018 | Human n = 12 |
3 × 107 6 × 107 9 × 107 |
“The safety and efficiency study of MSC in premature ovarian insufficiency” | Not available | NCT03816852 |
| 12 | hUC-MSCs | Intraovarian injections | 2020 | Human n = 61 | 1 × 107 | “Clinical analysis of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell allotransplantation in patients with premature ovarian insufficiency” | (VEGF), (FGF-2), (EGF), (IGF-1), (HGF), secreted by MSCs, upregulates (Bcl-2), reducing apoptosis in granulosa cells, facilitating neovascularization, and inhibiting ovarian aging | (Yan et al. 2020) |
| 13 | hUC-MSCs | Intraovarian injection under ultrasonic | 2022 | Human n = 66 | 10 × 106 | “Clinical Study of Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells in the Treatment of Premature Ovarian Insufficiency” | Not available | NCT05308342 |
Premature Ovarian Failure (POF), Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells (hUC-MSCs), Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs), Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF), Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 (FGF2), Fibroblast Growth Factor (FGF), Hepatocyte Growth Factor (HGF), Insulin-Like Growth Factor Factor 1 (IGF-1), Estradiol (E2), Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)