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A schematic representation of bi-directional MR analyses: (a) Forward univariable MR; (b) IVs for lipid traits should not have an association with eGFR; (c) IVs for lipid traits are not related to measured or unmeasured confounding. HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; TG, triglycerides; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; SNP, single-nucleotide polymorphism; MR, Mendelian Randomization; F/R, Forward/Reverse; IVs, Instrumental variables.
