Sanchez Bayle 2012.

Study characteristics
Methods	Randomised, single‐blinded, controlled trial Participants were randomised before checking of inclusion criteria and signing of informed consent, leading to the exclusion of 40 randomised participants not meeting the criteria, and 16 participants that refused consent because of blinding of intervention received. Only the physiotherapists were aware of the allocation groups of the infants. Parents, doctors, and nurses were unaware of the treatment allocations during the study.
Participants	Infants < 7 months with a first episode of acute bronchiolitis diagnosed by McConnochie 1993 criteria, admitted in a paediatric hospital during 2 consecutive winter seasons. Country: Spain. 293 children where randomised (149 to physiotherapy and 144 to control) and 236 participants were analysed. Mean age was 2.77 months. RSV test positive: 66% intervention, 67% control
Interventions	Group 1: physiotherapy group received 2 daily physiotherapy sessions of 10 minutes (prolonged slow expiratory technique obtained by slow manual pressure over the abdomen, exerted at the start of the expiratory phase down to the residual volume and maintained for 2 to 3 respiratory cycles; manual vibration exerted at the start of the expiratory phase; induced cough) plus oxygen therapy until SpO2 >= 94% (N = 136) Group 2: control group received postural changes plus oxygen therapy until SaO2 >= 94% (N = 100) All interventions were administered twice a day.
Outcomes	Primary outcome: duration of oxygen supplementation, length of hospital stay Secondary outcomes: salbutamol use, ipratropium bromide use, antibiotics use, adrenaline use, pneumonia
Notes	Outcomes were assessed at discharge. Authors reported no conflicts of interest/funding. Authors contacted and provided information (March 2014).
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Low risk	Random number table used.
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Unclear risk	No information provided.
Blinding (performance bias and detection bias) All outcomes	Low risk	"Only the physiotherapists were aware of the allocation group of the infants", "The placebo group received postural changes, so parents, doctors and nurses couldn't guess the allocation group"
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	236 analysed participants of 293 initially recruited. 40 initially recruited participants (10 in treatment and 30 in control) did not meet inclusion criteria. The unequal distribution may be related to selection bias.
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	Unclear risk	No information provided.
Other bias	Low risk	No other biases identified.