Table 1.
Baseline clinical characteristics of patients at renal biopsy who were analyzed for glomerular IRS1 protein expression by immunohistochemistry.
| MGA (n = 4) | DN (n = 6) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sex (male/female) | 2/2 | 4/2 | P = 0.598 |
| Age (years) | 48.8 ± 25.2 | 59.7 ± 13.0 | P = 0.124 |
| Diabetes duration (years) | N/A | 12.8 ± 8.4 | N/A |
| RAAS inhibitor (yes/no) | 0/0 | 4/2 | N/A |
| DPP-4 inhibitor (yes/no) | 0/0 | 5/1 | N/A |
| Metformin (yes/no) | 0/0 | 1/5 | N/A |
| Glinide (yes/no) | 0/0 | 1/5 | N/A |
| α-glucosidase inhibitor (yes/no) | 0/0 | 1/5 | N/A |
| Sulfonylureas (yes/no) | 0/0 | 1/5 | N/A |
| Insulin (yes/no) | 0/0 | 1/5 | N/A |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 22.8 ± 5.4 | 24.7 ± 3.0 | P = 0.4892 |
| Fasting blood glucose | 106.3 ± 5.5 | 106.3 ± 36.9 | N/A |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 111.5 ± 14.8 | 160.0 ± 22.2 | P = 0.005 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 65.0 ± 3.7 | 87.8 ± 19.9 | P = 0.057 |
| Urinary protein (g/g creatinine) | 0.29 ± 0.25 | 4.5 ± 2.2 | P = 0.0056 |
| Creatinine (mg/dl) | 0.84 ± 0.13 | 1.53 ± 0.97 | P = 0.2066 |
| eGFR(ml/min/1.73m2) | 70.9 ± 19.4 | 43.2 ± 16.7 | P = 0.0421 |
| BUN (mg/dl) | 13.8 ± 4.3 | 26.5 ± 14.9 | P = 0.1399 |
| Total protein (g/dl) | 6.6 ± 0.5 | 5.9 ± 0.7 | P = 0.1795 |
| Albumin (g/dl) | 3.8 ± 0.1 | 3.1 ± 0.4 | P = 0.0145 |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dl) | 181.3 ± 22.5 | 198.0 ± 42.1 | P = 0.4919 |
| Triglyceride (mg/dl) | 129.5 ± 53.7 | 152.5 ± 59.4 | P = 0.5516 |
| HDL cholesterol (mg/dl) | 58.8 ± 14.3 | 57.8 ± 17.9 | P = 0.9342 |
| LDL cholesterol (mg/dl) | 96.5 ± 26.0 | 112.6 ± 32.6 | P = 0.5022 |
| CRP (mg/dl) | 0.28 ± 0.20 | 0.11 ± 0.10 | P = 0.1145 |
N/A; not applicable, MGA; minor glomerular abnormality, DKD; diabetic kidney disease; RAAS; renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, DPP-4; dipeptidyl peptidase-4, BMI; body mass index, eGFR; estimated glomerular filtration rate, BUN; blood urea nitrogen, HDL; high density lipoprotein, LDL; low density lipoprotein, CRP; C-reactive protein.