Table 3.
Adjusted associations between the use of IVF/ICSI and the amount of postpartum blood loss or risk of PPH.
| Effect estimates and 95% CIa | ||
|---|---|---|
| Postpartum blood loss (mL) | Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) | |
| Natural conception | 0 (Reference) | 1.00 (Reference) |
| Conceived through IVF/ICSI | 43.8 (39.9–47.7) ** | 2.73 (2.35–3.18) ** |
a
Models adjusted for maternal age at delivery, parity, gravidity, pregnancy complications, intra-amniotic infection, mode of delivery, prolonged second stage of labor, gestational age at delivery, newborn birth weight and placental abnormality. **p < 0.01.