Figure 5.

The tri‐dimensional spectrum of ILD, emphysema, and pulmonary vascular disease. The illustration shows the continuum of pathologic changes in the lung which may variably present in ILD‐PH patients. Colored dots are examples of different clinical situations with varying degrees of pathological alterations in the alveolar, interstitial, and vascular compartments and dashed lines indicate where they lay on the tri‐dimensional spectrum. CPFE, combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema; ILD, interstitial lung disease; PH, pulmonary hypertension.