Table 4.

PT conversion properties of different morphologies and compositions of metal–metal oxide nanostructures for different irradiation intensities. R is the particle radius, and T is the thickness.

No.	Material	Morphology	Dimensions	Rise in temperature (K)	Irradiation/power	References
1	WO3	nanosheets	size = 150 nm, T = 5 nm	61	laser/10 kW	[193]
2	Ti2O3	spheres	R = 300 nm	70	laser/7 kW	[194]
3	TiO2	nanorod	A = 3 nm	200	laser/400 mW	[66]
4	Au-Silica gel	Au nanoflowers in silica matrix	Au of R = 30 nm, porous size of silica is 3.5–4 nm	50	laser/1 kW	[195]
5	Au@GO	Au-Nanorod @GO nanosheet	Au of A = 3.3 nm	53.5	laser/1 kW	[196]
6	Ag@Si	Thinfilm	T = 150 nm	230	laser/2 W	[85]
7	Au@ TiO2	core–shell	Au of R = 30 nm, TiO2 of R = 50 nm	—	laser/5 kW	[192]
8	Au/TiN	nanofluids	Au of R = 3–7 nm, TiN of R = 20 nm	40	laser/720 W	[197]
9	Au@ Al2O3	Au nanoislands in Al2O3	R = 20 nm, T = 30 nm	90	laser/11 W	[198]
10	Au-PEG-Ce6	nanostars	size = 54 nm	51	laser/1 W	[162]
11	Au@ SiO2	core–shell	R = 62 nm, R = 77 nm	2	—	[93]
12	Au@ SiO2	core–shell	R = 40 nm, R = 40 nm	—	—	[199]
13	Ag@ TiO2	core–shell	10–20 µm	52	laser/1.5 sun illumination	[200]
14	Al-Ti-O	membrane	T = 5 nm	—	laser/820 W	[201]
15	Ag@ TiO2	core–shell	R = 19 nm of Au, porous size of 220 nm of TiO2	80	laser/1 kW	[202]
16	Ag@ silica	core–shell	Ag disk R = 30 nm, t = 10 nm @ SiO2 with T = 10 nm	30.15	laser/50 sun illumination	[133]
17	Au@ SiO2	nanoflowers	30 nm nanoflowers at 3 nm porous of SiO2	40	laser/1 kW	[195]
18	Au@ AAO	matrix	Au of R = 30 nm	80	laser/20 kW	[184]
19	Pd@ SiO2@ Ag	membrane	size = 164 nm	6	laser/1 W	[191]